3/20/2024 0 Comments System verilog decimal to binary$display("Octal Format: %o", twelveBitReg) $display("Decimal Format: %4d", twelveBitReg) TwelveBitReg = 12'd1023 // decimal format Specific format specifiers, like %d for decimal, %o for octal, %h or %x for hexadecimal, and %b for binary, help shape your data's appearance.Ĭonsider an example where we display a 12-bit register value in these various formats: module TestModule In Verilog and SystemVerilog programming, you'll frequently utilize the $display function to present data in your preferred format. Let's embark on this informative journey! %d, %o, %h, %x, %b - Exploring Decimal, Octal, Hexadecimal, and Binary Formats In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore these specifications to help you decipher the code and output in Verilog and SystemVerilog. Divide by 10 and repeat to get the other digits.īut these steps are only necessary to go from characters to number or vise vesera.Display in decimal, octal, hexadecimal (either %h or %x), binary formatĭisplay library binding information, hierarchical names Now the reverse is harder, to display a decimal number you would modulus 10, take the remainder, print it. The computer now has a value of 352 decimal, 0x160 hex or 101100000 binary (it's all the same) You then look at the 3, subtract 0, and multiple by 100 and add it to the result. You subtract the char 0, and multiple it by 10 because you've moved over 1 place. So 352 you look at the 2, you subtract the value of 0 and you get the number 2. Each time you do this you multiple the character by 10 for each digit you've moved so far before adding. You take the character, subtract the character zero. If it was hex, binary, or decimal the computer needs to convert the string into the value. You're not entering a decimal number, you're entering a string. In FPGAs you would generally do everything in binary and shouldn't need to make human readable strings very often, but if they did you could do a more optimized version of the above method, or if you had a workload that was dominated by string conversation for some strange reason, you could use Binary Coded Decimal where each decimal digit is stored as 4 bits and do all your math in BCD like some very early computers did I don't think that would make sense nowadays though. I forgot what sub I was on, what I wrote above is how a CPU or microcontroller would do it. However, even reading a variable from RAM to the CPU is slower than division if the variable isn't already in cache, and actually displaying the number on screen, storing it to a file, or transmitting it over a network are far, far slower. The last digit is 0x32 and you're done.ĭivision and modulo are still a single processor instruction, but because of how they're implemented they are around 10 times slower than multiplication or addition. You now have 2 left, so you divide by 10 and get 0, remainder 2. Your next digit is 1, which becomes 0x31. Next you divide 21 by 10 and get 2, remainder 1. You add 0x30 to get 0x38, the character "8". You divide 218 by 10 and get 21 with remainder 8. You have 218 and are looking for the ones place. Let's say you have a binary number that is 218 and need to show it to the user. Where division and remainder and modulo come into play is converting binary numbers back into decimal strings to display to the user. It does all the math in binary, and addition and multiplication are both very fast, so this is a cheap and easy conversion. It then can subtract 0x30 from each digit and use addition and multiplication by 10 to convert to a single binary number: 9 + 10 * 2 + 10 * 10 * 9 = 129 = 0b10000001. Let's say the user typed 129 and the program wants to convert that to binary. Generally, user input and output happen as strings of characters, and the program will then convert the strings of text to whatever format is needed. When a key is hit on the keyboard, there's a binary constant for each key 0-9 map to binary 0x30-0x39. The computer does all its math in binary (or floating point binary which I'll ignore here).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |